Around the World in 80 Days

Introduction

“Around the World in 80 Days” is a classic adventure novel written by the French author Jules Verne. First published in 1873, this timeless tale has captivated readers and inspired countless adaptations across various media, including film, television, and video games. The novel’s enduring appeal lies in its blend of imagination, adventure, and the spirit of exploration. In this article, we will embark on a journey of literary discovery as we explore the world of “Around the World in 80 Days,” delving into its origins, plot, characters, and its lasting impact on literature and popular culture.

The Origins of “Around the World in 80 Days”

Jules Verne, a prolific French writer known as one of the pioneers of science fiction, penned “Around the World in 80 Days” during a period in the 19th century when exploration and adventure were romanticized and celebrated in literature. The novel is part of Verne’s series of adventure novels, often referred to as the “Extraordinary Voyages.” This series includes other renowned works like “20,000 Leagues Under the Sea” and “Journey to the Center of the Earth.”

The inspiration for “Around the World in 80 Days” came from the flourishing age of travel and technology during Verne’s time. The construction of railways, the expansion of steamship routes, and the completion of the transcontinental railroad in the United States fueled Verne’s imagination. He envisioned a world that was becoming more connected, with travel becoming faster and more accessible, and he wanted to explore the possibilities of circumnavigating the globe within a limited timeframe.

Plot Summary

“Around the World in 80 Days” tells the story of Phileas Fogg, a wealthy and precise Englishman, and his eccentric servant, Passepartout. Fogg is a man of exact habits and an unwavering commitment to punctuality, a characteristic that eventually propels him into a daring wager. Fogg’s punctuality is a defining trait; he values time and precision above all else.

The adventure begins at the Reform Club in London, where Fogg gets into a heated debate with fellow club members about the possibility of circumnavigating the globe in just 80 days. In a moment of boldness, Fogg bets £20,000, a considerable sum in those days, that he can indeed complete the journey within that timeframe. If he succeeds, he stands to win a significant fortune; if he fails, he will lose everything.

With the wager in place, Fogg and Passepartout immediately embark on their journey, which takes them through a variety of exotic locations and encounters with intriguing characters. Their adventure leads them to:

1. Paris, France: Fogg and Passepartout’s first stop is in Paris, where they encounter a delay due to a legal misunderstanding.
2. Suez, Egypt: The duo proceeds to Egypt, where they travel on a steamer ship down the Nile River.
3. Bombay, India: In Bombay, Fogg and Passepartout become embroiled in a conflict surrounding the British Raj.
4. Calcutta, India: The pair faces a series of challenges, including saving a young widow from self-immolation.
5. Hong Kong: In Hong Kong, they find themselves in a deadly opium den.
6. Yokohama, Japan: A typhoon in Yokohama forces them to adjust their plans and find an alternative means of transportation.
7. San Francisco, United States: They cross the United States on the newly constructed transcontinental railroad, racing against time.
8. New York, United States: Fogg and Passepartout board a steamship, the “China,” to head back to England.

Throughout their journey, Fogg and Passepartout face a series of obstacles and adversities that challenge their mission. They encounter suspicion, delay, and even arrest, but Fogg’s determination to meet the 80-day deadline remains unshaken.

Character Development

“Around the World in 80 Days” is not just a story of a daring journey but also a character study of Phileas Fogg and his loyal servant, Passepartout. The novel explores the evolution of these characters as they face various challenges during their expedition.

1. Phileas Fogg: Fogg is initially portrayed as a character of rigid habits and unwavering punctuality. However, as the journey progresses, his character undergoes subtle changes. He begins to exhibit flexibility and adaptability, especially in moments of crisis. His determination remains constant, but he learns to approach challenges with a certain level of creativity and resourcefulness.
2. Passepartout: Passepartout, on the other hand, is a character who represents the more spontaneous and adaptable side of the journey. As Fogg’s loyal and devoted servant, he is essential in helping his employer navigate the various predicaments they encounter. Passepartout’s character development revolves around his growing confidence and independence as he becomes more involved in the decisions and actions of the journey.

Themes and Symbolism

“Around the World in 80 Days” explores several themes and incorporates symbolism that adds depth to the narrative. Some of the prominent themes and symbols include:

1. Time and Punctuality: Time is a central theme in the novel, and it is represented through Fogg’s obsession with punctuality. The 80-day deadline underscores the value of time and the concept that it can be manipulated to achieve incredible feats.
2. Adventure and Exploration: The novel celebrates the spirit of adventure and exploration. It portrays a world that is becoming more interconnected, and it reflects the fascination of Verne’s era with the unknown and the exotic.
3. Globalization: Verne’s novel reflects the increasing globalization of the world in the 19th century. The journey takes Fogg and Passepartout across continents and highlights the interconnectedness of cultures, economies, and transportation networks.
4. Character Transformation: The characters’ evolution throughout the journey symbolizes personal growth, adaptability, and the human capacity for change in the face of adversity.

Enduring Impact and Adaptations

“Around the World in 80 Days” has left a significant mark on literature, popular culture, and the way people perceive adventure. Its enduring impact is evident in the numerous adaptations and references it has inspired:

1. Film and Television: The novel has been adapted into various films, including the 1956 version starring David Niven and the more recent 2004 adaptation featuring Jackie Chan and Steve Coogan. Television series and animated adaptations have also been created over the years.
2. Video Games: “Around the World in 80 Days” has inspired several video games that challenge players to embark on similar journeys, solving puzzles and overcoming obstacles to complete the circumnavigation within the given timeframe.
3. Literary Homages: The novel has inspired countless literary works, with authors paying homage to the adventurous spirit of Jules Verne’s masterpiece. The concept of racing against time or circumnavigating the globe remains a popular theme in literature.
4. Cultural References: The story of “Around the World in 80 Days” has become a cultural reference, symbolizing a daring and ambitious journey. It is often used to describe individuals or groups attempting remarkable feats or global adventures.
5. Educational Significance: The novel is frequently included in educational curricula and is a recommended read for students, as it offers insights into geography, culture, and historical context.
6. The enduring appeal of “Around the World in 80 Days” lies in its ability to transport readers into a world of adventure and imagination while addressing universal themes such as the value of time, the allure of exploration, and the capacity for personal transformation. It continues to inspire and entertain, making it a timeless classic that resonates with audiences of all ages.

Conclusion

“Around the World in 80 Days” is not merely a tale of a daring journey; it’s a testament to the enduring power of adventure, exploration, and the human spirit. Jules Verne’s novel, set against the backdrop of a changing world, celebrates the idea that with determination and adaptability, seemingly insurmountable challenges can be overcome.

Phileas Fogg and Passepartout’s journey offers readers an opportunity to traverse the globe, experiencing diverse cultures and landscapes while racing against the clock. The novel’s themes of time, adventure, and personal transformation remain as relevant today as they were in the 19th century.

As “Around the World in 80 Days” continues to inspire adaptations, cultural references, and educational discussions, it solidifies its place in the literary canon and retains its appeal for readers seeking a timeless adventure filled with imagination, exploration, and the celebration of the human spirit. This classic novel serves as a reminder that the world is full of wonder and that there is always an adventure waiting to be embarked upon, whether it takes 80 days or a lifetime.